Altitude sickness, also known as acute mountain sickness (AMS), occurs when you ascend to high altitudes too quickly and your body struggles to adjust to lower oxygen levels. Common symptoms include headache, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, and shortness of breath. In more severe cases, it can progress to high altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE) or high altitude cerebral oedema (HACE), both of which are medical emergencies requiring immediate attention.

The best way to prevent altitude sickness is to ascend gradually, allowing your body time to acclimatise. Staying well hydrated, avoiding alcohol, and taking rest days during ascent can significantly reduce your risk. Some travellers may benefit from preventative medications such as acetazolamide, which can help the body adapt more efficiently to altitude.

Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms. Mild cases often improve with rest, hydration, and avoiding further ascent. If symptoms worsen, descending to a lower altitude is the most effective treatment. In more serious cases, oxygen therapy or medications such as dexamethasone may be required. Seeking medical advice before travel can help ensure you are well prepared and reduce the risk of complications.